In an economic environment that is not optimistic, non-cutting forming is a powerful way for companies to distance themselves from rivals and win the competition. Environmental protection is the theme of the 21st century, and environmentally friendly processing will be the key development direction. In the non-cutting forming, high-precision, high-value-added forming is indispensable. In order to complete this requirement, it is necessary to master the comprehensive technology of the whole process from raw materials to finished products. Punch is one of the key technical factors. The article will introduce in detail the basic characteristics of mechanical punches and the development direction of high-precision intelligent punches that are suitable for various forming technologies developed in recent years.

Basic characteristics of punch

The relationship between the characteristics of the mechanical punch and the accuracy of the product. There are two key characteristics of the punch. One is rigidity, which includes vertical rigidity—the arch of the slider and the worktable and the ductility of the sound card frame; and its horizontal rigidity—the eccentric load endangers the horizontal movement of the falling block. The second is the movement characteristics of the slider, including perpendicularity, parallelism, straightness, etc., which are very harmful to the accuracy of the product. The precision of the product is not only related to the punching machine, it is related to raw materials, molds, lubrication, etc., and one element cannot be considered. Considering from the factors of the punch, the accuracy of the thickness and orientation of the product is related to the vertical rigidity, while the error, bending or parallelism is related to the horizontal rigidity and the characteristics of the motion curve. Therefore, by improving this characteristic, the accuracy of the product can be improved, the service life of the mold can be increased, and the stability of production can also be improved.

The development trend of mechanical punch

High rigidity and high functionality of general-purpose punches: C-shaped punches originally used as general-purpose machines are also pursuing perfect high precision and high functionality, so a one-piece dragon punch is developed; the speed around the bottom dead center is relatively slow while SPM is not Affected link punch. This connecting rod press intervenes two eccentric connecting rods between the driving gear and the crankshaft. When the driving gear rotates, the angle of view of the connecting rods changes, and the crankshaft moves at unequal speeds. This mechanical structure is different from other mechanical structures in that the force-bearing part has fewer nodes and a small comprehensive gap.

CNC punching machine: CNC punching machine has a CNC control system, which can freely set the movement mode and speed of the slider according to the processing method.

1. Screw type CNC punch

In the servo working machine, the AC servo motor drives the slider according to the screw of the extruder. The fixed point of the lower part of the forming can be operated by the part control device according to the data given by the part loading device. Therefore, the thermal expansion and elastic deformation of the machinery are not easy to harm the accuracy of the product, and the most suitable slider movement method can be adjusted and the bottom dead center position can be manipulated with extremely fine enterprises. Therefore, it is suitable for high-precision and high-function non-cutting forming screw-type servo presses that use hydraulic motors and energy storage to carry out torque control. The bottom dead center can be manipulated to the μm level. It is an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly machine. type.

2. Crankshaft servo press

A CNC punch press composed of a crankshaft press and an AC servo motor. This type of press uses a servo motor to replace the clutch brake system and water pump flywheel on the original press.

3. Double action forming punch

Double-action forming is a powerful way to form without cutting. The occlusive forging in the cold forging is an example, which is based on the manipulation of several punching pins, the posture of the cavity and the time chart to achieve the purpose of manipulating the plastic deformation fluidity of the raw material. The accuracy and formability of the product can be improved, and even the total number of processes can be reduced.

The double-action forming can be roughly divided into two categories: the practicability of the press is highly valued and the double-action forming of the double-action die blank is highly valued; the forming of the multiple-action punch is very easy to install and disassemble for various types of production molds. Recently, not only in the forging process, but also in the diversification of sheet metal forming and forging composite forming and the improvement of work ability. In addition, it is required that the punch not only has multi-position characteristics, but also has high practicality.

4. Block forging punch

The forming of the star wheel and the cross joint has been widely used in closed forging dies and universal forging punches. Other occlusive forging punches that can save the time of pipe threading during mold installation can be divided into two categories: this function is all in the punch and the left and right hydraulic cylinders are on the punch and the two ways are harmoniously organized on the mold base.

5. Sheet forging punch

With the popularization of sheet casting, forging punches are required to carry out deep drawing or to reduce the number of engineering projects. Therefore, it is required that sliders and work tables must be equipped with hydraulic cylinders. The original occluded forging is basically the use of superheated steam posture with high working capacity. In addition to the superheated steam posture that is integrated with the construction method, the sheet forging also stipulates the order posture, locking and other functions.

6. Punch for gear forming

The double-acting steam press for forming helical gears is shown in Figure 19. This type of punch is currently used for drag drive, 2 in the slider, 2 in the worktable, a total of 5 drive sources, all sharing one hydraulic drive device.